Communist Manifesto for the Destruction - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theCommunist Manifesto for the Destructionof the Bourgeoisie. Answer: Introduction The bourgeoisie as observed by Karl Marx have always flourished with the Proletarians sinking in the heights of poverty over the history. the modern bourgeoisie is itself a long course of development, a series of revolutions in the modes of production and exchange (Marx Engels, 1847). The aspects that favor the bourgeoisie's progress are also the most likely factors that will result in their downfall. The owners of the means of production (bourgeoisie) have for long taken advantage of the workers and the slaves (proletariats)(Sokel, 2000). The continued exploitation can be explained by the fact that the proletariats are always competing for the meager salaries given by the employers amongst themselves creating conflicts and disunity amongst themselves. Also, the advancements in the modern technology were first experienced by the bourgeoisie, and they used them to their own advantage. Precisely, the tools that have been continuously used to amass wealth among the high-class will defi nitely be used as the tools of their destruction. Marx opined that the capitalist bourgeoisie without any shred of tenderness exploited the proletariat. The work executed by the proletariat contributed to the creation of a lot wealth for the capitalists but they were (workers) very little in return(Marx Engels, 1847). Marx went further to note that the products created from the industries and factories were more valuable than the labor used to bring them into existence. Marx was using this statement to criticize the meagre salary that was being paid to the works compared to the market price of the products they created. The Marx observation can be attributed to the continued ownership and control of the productions means by the capitalists. This means that the wealthy continued getting rich every day at the expense of the poor workers who did not benefit from the fruits of their labor. The Bourgeoisies after discovering that the work performed by the proletariats can yield lots of profits; they mercilessly utilized the proletariat(Lamb, 2015). The products created in the factories by the workers were sold for more than twice the cost of the labor. To increase their production, the factories hired more labor at low wages. The under-class ungrudgingly agreed to work for the low wages to cater for their most basic needs. For example, a worker paid $2 could produce goods or services worth $10. The owner of the means of production by this will accumulate millions of dollars as profit. The laborer minimally benefits from the fruits of his/her own labor. The capitalist owing to his financial command has ruined the once existing good family relationships resulting to conflicts over wealth and money. The bourgeoisie has torn away from the family its sentimental veil, and has reduced the family relations into mere monetary relationships(Marx Engels, 1847).' The divisions are a well-calculated formula to obtain and retain more work forces at the production schemes. The competition among brothers to secure a job creates an advantage to the factories. The higher the competition among the workers, the lower the prices for labor to be paid per unit time. The conflict among the low-class individuals is a perfect tool for the capitalists to earn more profits. The advancements in technology also explain the continued rule of the industries by the bourgeoisie. The owners of industries and factories have greatly been favored by the modern trends of communication. The series of industrial revolution in the continent is also a well working plan for the bourgeoisie. The bourgeoisie, by the rapid improvement of all instruments of production, by the immensely facilitated means of communication, draws all, even the most barbarian nations into civilization (Marx Engels, 1847). The modern tools of production are used to either replace human labor or even reduce the rates of working per unit time. The underclass are commonly threatened to work for more reduced wages, or else they lose their jobs. Due to desperation, they continue to suffer at the hands of their masters. The invention in communications has opened up new markets for the bourgeoisie. Online marketing has led to an increase in the gross sales in every financial year. The oppressed do n ot get any pay increase from their oppressors even with the improved sales. The bourgeoisie have had an experience of being a radical class, the proletariat are dreaming of taking over the world(Panitch, 2015). However, the means of production perpetuated by the bourgeoisie are the fruits containing their own seeds of destruction. The weapons with which the bourgeoisie felled feudalism to the ground are now turned against the bourgeoisie itself (Marx Engels, 1847). The capitalists are highly dependent on the communists. If the bourgeoisie does not pay back the efforts of the do not pay back the efforts of the proletariat appropriately, then they are on their eve of demise. The oppressed will soon seize power if their interests continue to be undermined. Marx argues, what the bourgeoisie, therefore, produces, above all, is its own grave-diggers. Its fall and the victory of the proletariat are equally inevitable (Marx Engels, 1847). The same mechanisms that the high-class used to climb up the ladder will be used by the low class to bring them down and occupy their place at the top. Ultimately, the proletariat will launch a revolution against the bourgeoisie. The oppressed will soon discover the need of unity towards an achievement. The continued oppression of the proletariat will create a great resentment which will bring back their lost conscious. The regaining of the conscious will mark the start of a renaissance period. They will then join their hands together to fight their common enemy. The reunion of the workers will be a source of great ideologies. The presumption that the capitalists have inherent supremacy will be dismissed. According to Marx Engels (1847), in the contemporary society, the bourgeoisie is like a sorcerer. Just the way the powers of a sorcerer fade away with time so does the superiority of the capitalists. Soon, the bourgeoisie will be unable to control the economy of the world they once cast their spells. With the modern developments in the industrial sector, the number of the proletariat has not only multiplied but also grown more civilized. The conflicts among laborers have been dissolved owing to similar wages, similar lifestyles and similar financial constraints. The workers have resolved to form trade unions and other organization which will aid in a collective bargaining of their rights. The workers being the majority will definitely win the race. The fact that the bourgeoisie first experienced the industrial revolution explains why the proletariat has for long lagged behind. Currently, the oppressed can access the modern gadgets and utilize them to their advantage. While the bourgeoisie use the modern communication methods for marketing their products, the proletariat use them for mobilization and educating one another. Online platforms such as Facebook and Twitter help the oppressed to communicate widely, cheaply and timely. Bue to this, the struggle has adopted a continental dimension. Conclusion In conclusion, it is the best time for the world to adopt a different view of the social classes and stratification. The bourgeoisie should realize that their demise is growing nearer and assume better means of production. Some of the proletariats ought to be educated on false class consciousness. The should be made aware of their exploitation and coerced to take the necessary measures against it. The creation of more worker-friendly environments and rise of wages is the only way to a better world. This will bring to an end the prolonged class conflicts between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The oppressed will probably do away with any plans to overthrow the owners of the means of production. Through fairness, justice, and equity in the labor industry, the continents could emerge economical superpowers in a few years. The supposition that the capitalists must be the ruling class must be dismissed. The understanding that people have equal opportunities even amidst social inequal ity. References Lamb, P. (2015). Marx and Engels' Communistb Manifesto. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. Marx, K., Engels, F. (1847). Manifesto of the Communist Party. Moscow: Progress Publishers. Panitch, L. (2015). The Two Revolutionary Classes of the Manifesto. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Sokel, W. H. (2000). From Marx to Myth: The Structure and the Function of Self-Alienation in Kafka's Metamorphosis. The Literaly Review, 26(4), 486-495.

In What Ways is Act 3 Scene One a turning Point in Romeo and Juliet and how does Shakespeare make it Dramatic Essay Example

In What Ways is Act 3 Scene One a turning Point in Romeo and Juliet and how does Shakespeare make it Dramatic? Essay Romeo and Juliet was set in Medieval Italy in the town of Verona. It is an adaptation of an ancient legend involving two lovers who belong to two rival feuding families. Due to the time setting of the play the themes of honour and family loyalty are apparent throughout the play. The values held by the characters in the play are very much medieval values; this causes problems for the lovers and makes it a lot more difficult for them. Although the play was set in medieval times, it was performed in costume of the era in which it was performed. This suggests that Shakespeare intended the play to be able to relate to any period in time and indicates that the issues in the play could be relevant to peoples lives at any time. Throughout the play there was always an atmosphere of violence and tension. Even near the beginning of the play Tybalt was highly angered by the gate crashing of the Capulets Ball; this was one of the main reasons why Tybalt challenged Romeo later on in the play. There was intense hatred between the families right from the start; even the opening scene featured a street brawl provoked by the mere biting of a thumb. Another cause of the conflict was Mercutio and Tybalts clashing explosive tempers. Before the conflict in Act 3 Scene 1, Mercutio is in a particularly confrontational mood; he makes many references to quarrelling, for example why thou wilt quarrel with a man that hath a hair more or a hair less in his beard than thou hast. We will write a custom essay sample on In What Ways is Act 3 Scene One a turning Point in Romeo and Juliet and how does Shakespeare make it Dramatic? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on In What Ways is Act 3 Scene One a turning Point in Romeo and Juliet and how does Shakespeare make it Dramatic? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on In What Ways is Act 3 Scene One a turning Point in Romeo and Juliet and how does Shakespeare make it Dramatic? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Although Mercutio is speaking to Benvolio the references to quarrelling reflect Mercutios own temperament rather than Benvolios. As we know from the opening scene Benvolio is a peaceful, fair character; even his name indicates this as its meaning is goodwill. Benvolio senses the imminent violence between Tybalt and Mercutio and tries to prevent a fight breaking out in public, We talk here in the public haunt of men/Either withdraw unto some private place/Or reason coldly of your grievances/Or else depart; here all eyes gaze on us. Because of Mercutios stubborn frame of mind this has an adverse effect and intensifies Mercutios mood; it just makes him more determined Mens eyes were made to look, and let them gaze; I will not budge for no mans pleasure, I. Mercutios anger is also aggravated by the intense heat in Verona. Benvolio senses that there is impending trouble and says The day is hot, the Capels are aboard, /And if we meet we shall not scape a brawl, /For now, these hot days, is the mad blood stirring. This gives the audience an indication that there is going to be conflict as well as conveying the atmosphere of intense heat. The whole ambience in this part of the scene is very ominous and Shakespeare creates a lot of tension by giving indications that extreme violence will follow for example Mercutios long speeches about quarrelling which are written in prose to accentuate how the madness and disorder of Mercutios thoughts, as prose is normally only used for the speech of lower class characters such as servants. This part of the scene sets the tone for the whole scene and shows the audience just how strongly Mercutio despises Tybalt and how unpredictable his violent mood is. As Tybalt and Mercutio meet, Romeo enters and is totally unaware of the tension between the characters. He is in a romantic, carefree mood, which is completely incongruous with the situation of fury of Mercutio and also unaware that he had aggravated Tybalt at the Capulets ball and now Tybalt desires a duel with him. Shakespeare creates a lot of dramatic irony in this scene such as Romeos ignorance to the anger of the other characters and Tybalts use of the word love, Romeo, the love I bear thee can afford no better term than this: thou art a villain. Tybalt use of the word love is in a totally different context than the way in which the word love was used earlier in the play. It is also ironic because Mercutio and Tybalt are both unaware of Romeos marriage to Juliet whereas the audience are; Shakespeare does this in order to make the audience feel more involved in the plot. Throughout the play, but particularly in this scene; Shakespeare juxtaposes the two antitheses of passionate love and intense hatred, this emphasises the contrast between the two main themes of the play and shows how the two extreme emotions take place alongside each other. Romeo also inadvertently exacerbates the fury of Mercutio by turning down Tybalts duel, Mercutio views this as dishonourable, vile submission, and it gives him the excuse to challenge Tybalt. Mercutio was already in a turbulent mood; he had been angered by Tybalts pretentious tone of speech and in turn provoked Tybalt by intentionally misinterpreting his words for example his deliberate misinterpretation of the word consortest as an insult. During this part of the scene Shakespeare uses this idea as an extended metaphor by repeatedly referring to a minstrels fiddlestick and comparing it to a sword. An example of this is on line 45 when Mercutio draws his sword and says Heres my fiddlestick, heres that shall make you dance. This extended metaphor creates an image of violence and suggests to the audience that Mercutios temper is so vile that something as innocent as a fiddlestick could remind him of violence and combat. When Tybalt first approaches Mercutio he speaks in a very formal, controlled manner. Mercutio on the other hand speaks in a snappy, tense tone and brings in a suggestion of violence by responding to Tybalt with, make it a word and a blow. This creates suspense amongst the audience and suggests that the violence will occur very soon. The actual clash between Mercutio and Tybalt takes place after a series of puns referring to fencing made by Mercutio such as line 80, Come sir, your passado'. Mercutio often makes puns on the subject of fencing; another example of this is when he compares a fiddlestick to a sword. These puns show the audience that the subject of violence is always present in Mercutios thoughts. Mercutio loses the duel due to Romeo interrupting the fight; although Romeo has good intentions, as in the rest of the play, he is rather unrealistic in his outlook and therefore ended up making the situation a lot worse for Mercutio. Mercutio is fatally wounded during the fight and after he has been wounded he makes numerous references to death such as line 93, Ask for me tomorrow and you shall find me a grave man. He still uses puns but now his humour becomes a lot darker and more morbid for example he uses the word peppered which is a humorous word but nevertheless it is referring to death. Shakespeare us es a lot of unpleasant imagery of death such as They have made worms meat of me. This evokes a sense of horror amongst the audience as it makes them realise just how dire Mercutios predicament is. The phrase A plague a both your houses is repeated three times as Mercutio is dying this emphasises the amount of damage that this feud between the two houses has done. Just before his death, Mercutio utters the words your houses, this is quite emotive as it show the audience that Mercutio is weakening and he does not even have enough strength left to articulate a full sentence. The use of the word Zounds also is very effective in revealing just how serious this situation was; it would have created feelings of shock within the audience as the word Zounds was a considered to be a very powerful blasphemy at the time in which Romeo and Juliet was set. Throughout the scene, Shakespeare keeps the pace very rapid in order to make it more dramatic and more exciting for the audience. The stage directions state that characters enter and exit the stage quite often; this enhances the fast pace of the scene and keeps the attention of the audience. Another feature of interest for the audience is Romeos sudden change of heart about fighting Tybalt; he refers back to Tybalts previous insult by saying Now, Tybalt, take the villain back again. Mercutios death has a great impact on Romeo and forces him to become more responsible and take up Tybalts challenge. This change in Romeo indicates the magnitude of this fight to the audience. This hectic scene becomes even more action-packed when citizens and officers of the watch enter the stage, however the chaos is interrupted by the prince. The princes role in Romeo and Juliet is that of a fair and just ruler. He has absolute power over this small medieval town and therefore all of the characters will respect and obey him. Shakespeares audience could relate to this as the monarchy had a lot of power in Britain at the time when the play was written. Throughout the play the price represents law and order and justice; he seems to have an immense calming influence at the end of act 3 scene 1. The rhyming couplets of his speech accentuate the composed formal way in which he speaks. The words that he says also have great impact on the audience, as they are very dramatic and thought provoking. The rhetorical question, Who now the price of his dear blood doth owe? on line 179 for instance, is very emotive and significant as it causes the audience to contemplate the consequenc es of this fight, it provokes them to think, Who else is going to die? The princes speech is fair and without bias but also final and concluding; Romeos fate is decided and none of the characters attempt to question this judgement. Another way in which Shakespeare evaluates this scene is Benvolios speech, which summarizes the events of the fight. Shakespeare does this to inform the audience of anything that they may have overlooked during the frenzied scene of the fight and gives them a chance to take in all that has happened. Benvolio is chosen to tell the prince what has happened as he is considered to be a reliable, honest character and he gave a truthful account of the first brawl earlier on in the play. On the whole, Benvolios account of the fight was reliable however there was a slight amount of bias as he fails to mention Mercutios provocation of Tybalt as well as exaggerating Romeos lack of aggression. This shows that this fight has affected even Benvolio who is normally calm and fair. This scene has significant impact of the play as a whole. As Romeo has been exiled it is extremely difficult for Romeo and Juliet to see each other consequently their attitudes and personalities are forced to develop. Romeo becomes more realistic in his outlook and cannot afford to be so wistful and romantic anymore. Juliet becomes totally isolated as all her family and even the nurse betrays her; this forces her to become more mature and resourceful. She goes to see Friar Lawrence, as he is the only person left for her to turn to; he gives her some help but ultimately she is alone. Such developments in the personalities of Romeo and Juliet would be very noticeable and thought provoking to the audience. This scene is very much a turning point in the play as the whole tone changes after it. Instead of being light-hearted and romantic it becomes a lot more sombre and severe. There is little humour in the rest of the play and the whole ambience becomes solemn and grim. The situation of the protagonists becomes more and more desperate until in the end the only way out for them is to take the drastic step of taking their own lives.

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Developed in Repeated War Zones Deployment

Introduction Apprehension in human has largely been associated with psychological disturbance. Medical and psychology experts have linked post traumatic stress disorder, a nervousness condition, to mental distress. Post traumatic disorder was related to life situations that troubled a person or group of people.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Developed in Repeated War Zones Deployment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The situation might have, perhaps, concerned fatality risk, bodily, gender, or mental uprightness that devastated a person’s capacity to survive. Indicative signs of post traumatic disorder combined a repeated occurrence of earlier disturbance through dreadful dreams, evasion of distress related prompts, and amplified provocations. Recognized investigative measures needed that the indicators had endured and resulted in noteworthy harm. An individual was weakened socially, in their work, and basic utility spheres by the post traumatic stress disorder. Majority of global nations have soldiers who serve in the army ready for combat if the need occurred. Most of the combatants, usually, tailored a war awareness state to manage the consistent pressure of battle duty. Rapid exchanges between civic and combatant mind frames augmented mental pressure. The combatants were forced to incline to conducts and abilities that guaranteed every day survival. Nonetheless, a war awareness state of mind was vulnerable to combat dreadfulness. Post traumatic stress disorder had been exposed among numerous combatants. The anxiety condition was largely observed in combatants who returned from a war zone. Symptoms associated with post traumatic stress disorder were noted on returning combatants. However, a prominent challenge was faced by medical practitioners on how they could distinguish between post traumatic stress disorder and gentle distressing menta l power damage. Both health situations had comparable indicators and were common among combatants from war deployment. If combatants suffered frequently alternated mental conditions and rapid mind state exchanges augmented psychological pressure then multiple war zones deployment of combatants that increased mental state exchange led to incidents of post traumatic stress disorders. Literature Review War combatants have, recently, suffered increased post traumatic stress disorders. More than a fifth of war soldiers have been diagnose with post traumatic stress disorder. The combatants have suffered hallucination, stimulation, and slumber troubles among other post traumatic stress indicators.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hurdles have existed for the soldiers to revert back to normal society life. Tough war instructions for endurance in Iraq and Afghanistan had no value in s ociety life setting. However, the instructions did not fritter away. A lonesome sensation might engulf a combatant away from his or her colleagues. Combatants were projected to constrict their emotions. Nevertheless, the situation led to concealed battle sufferings. Society life could have, probably, been a source of illogical outbreaks and distressing incidents (Scott, 2009 p. 1). War soldiers that returned from duty had mixed feelings from the battle fields. The mind frame applied in the battle grounds was different to that suitable for community living. The soldiers had a difficult time as they endeavored to conceal their emotions. Eventually, the suppressed emotions led to increased despair among the soldiers. It was through the alteration of different mental frames that traumatic conditions increased. Majority of the combat soldiers that were repeatedly deployed to war zones suffered post traumatic stress disorders. Combatants on homecoming from army responsibilities in recent Iraq wars had shown indications of post traumatic stress disorder. Projected statistics that an eighth of the Iraq war combatants experienced post traumatic stress disorder was standard. Most combatants opted not to request for wellbeing assistance based on discernment of post traumatic stress disorder. The condition had been viewed as a disappointment among army personnel. Post traumatic stress disorder state had led many combatants to engage in social misconducts. Redeployed combatants have experienced nightmares that were dreadful than the actual war situation (Radut, 2008 p.1). Repeated exposure to war situations impacted on soldiers psychologically. A combatant’s mind frame was open to different mind frames that interfered with the thought process. The condition created an inferiority complex among combatants that led to fear of wellbeing assistance. Mental challenges were transferred into the soldier’s social life with severe consequences. Soldier deployed to war zones repeatedly have suffered numerous social setbacks. Most families tolerated and recognized, honestly, that war uncovered them to unparalleled pressures and danger of lifelong wounds.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Developed in Repeated War Zones Deployment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Investigations have suggested that marriage pressures, danger of infant abuse, and other hazardous family troubles degenerate as combatants obliged to numerous war deployments. Majority of combatants that returned from war deployment suffered states of despair, shift to drug misuse, restless slumber, and departure from family duties. These conditions and behaviors were indicators of post traumatic stress disorders (Crary, 2008 p.1). Combatants that undertook multiple war zone deployments suffered social problems. The social challenges could be attributed to the combatants’ s tate of mind and social connection. Soldiers assigned repeatedly to war zones were expected to change their mind frames frequently from civilian and combatant states. Mind frame variations might have led to a state of post traumatic stress disorder. Modern wars have been uniquely prepared based on the operation models. Most families found the war deployment durations shocking. Statistics have revealed that 15% of combatants with wives assigned for duty in Iraq planned for marriage separation. It was estimated that the rates would triple with more deployments. With increased social life challenges, most combatants ended up with post traumatic stress disorder conditions. Military administration has acknowledged that army household violence has increased compared to other citizen families (Vest, 2008 p. 1). Combatants repeatedly deployed to war zones were destabilized socially. Families of the combatants suffered great loses that led to separations. It is obvious that combatants at war had disturbed mind frames. The though process of most combatants were transformed from social to war zone status interchangeably. Mental reflections of family and war zones created confusion in the minds of combatants. The alterations resulted into an anxiety state of post traumatic stress disorder. Frequent deployment of combatants to war zones and deficiency of psychological wellbeing personnel in army establishments had assisted in growth of social problems. Recurrent combat personnel assignments have been connected to increased rate of psychological troubles. Self inflicted deaths in the military were anticipated to increase above 140 cases. According to administrators self imposed fatalities have been on an upward trend compared to the general public. Army overseers revealed that a spotlight on increasing psychologists in the military was unavoidable. The military required 300 additional therapists and 800 extra psychologists. Majority of the combatants suffered post traumatic stress disorders (Schwartz, 2009 p.1). Combatants have experienced increased post traumatic stress disorders when in combat and at home. The situation was worsened by lack of wellbeing assistance. Soldiers like other humans, experienced thoughts.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, psychological states of the combatants were shifted based on assigned duties. Rearrangement of the mind frame resulted in mental disorders among military personnel away in combat. Ultimately, most soldiers experienced psychological challenges that affected their social lives. Health care attention deficiency augmented the metal disorder predicament among soldiers. Therapy and psychological attention was inadequate for the increased anxiety situation. Alteration in a soldier’s mental state impacted on their duty performances. Combatants in a single psychological state would respond outstandingly compared to the individual in a mixed psychological state. Research findings have suggested that combatants in a war mind state observed instructions confidently. Furthermore, combatants in the battle mental state would show less indicators of post traumatic stress disorder (Anestis, 2009 p.1). The focused mental state results had shown that it was better for the combatants to have a single mind state at a time. However, multiple deployments of soldiers to war zones would not permit soldiers to have a single mind frame. Most soldiers were frequently redeployed to war zones. Modern wars have a prolonged tendency. Combatants are constantly called to duty after short periods. The continued war zone postings forced several combatants to adapt a mixed mind set. A post traumatic stress disorder status would result from the assorted mental conditions. Military personnel administrators ought to develop diagnostic procedures for the army staff. Proper diagnosis of mental disorder conditions can assist war veterans psychologically. Psychological wellbeing guidebooks were presented for mental conditions identification. Diagnostic and statistical manuals of mental health documents (DSM) have been employed in detection of psychological health. Diagnostic method that applied biological process (DSM IV) contained records and explanations on mental analyses was appropri ately applied to the war combatants. The information on the guidebook assisted investigations and enhanced communiquà © for scientific performance. The guideline utilizes identified conduct or mental indicators or models. Post traumatic stress disorder patients had a noteworthy danger of experienced fatality, hurt, inability, or los of sovereignty. The system utilizes a multi aligned arrangement that incorporated multiple disorder indicators (Ma, 2009 p.1). Mental health diagnosis for the war combatants returning home had to be conducted by consultation of the diagnostic and statistical manuals of mental health guidebook. Standards on how diagnoses of psychological conditions were formulated by the American Psychiatric Association. Updates have been provided with increased research and development of the mental diagnosis procedures. War combatants can be diagnosed effectively by applying principles of the DSM IV approach. The DSM IV method permitted the psychiatrist to observe mult iple indicators of mental disorder in patients. Nevertheless, caution had to be observed to prevent a misdiagnosis of the condition. Post traumatic stress disorders indicators were found to be similar to other mental confusion conditions. Further analyses were required in the determination of psychological status. Problem statement Soldiers returning from repeated deployment to war zones have been misdiagnosed for mental conditions. Mental health care providers have failed to present the appropriate diagnosis that led to timely therapy. Therefore, a study that can reveal the significance of adapting a DSM IV diagnostic approach to soldier’s mental health would be proper. It was necessary for research to be conducted on the effects of repeated redeployment of soldiers to war zones and the psychological effects established. Methodology Literature review on secondary data would be sufficient to ascertain the validity of the DSM IV approach to mental health diagnosis. Information should be sourced from books, journals, and other relevant publications to support the research theory. Information on combatants’ psychological wellbeing can be gathered from military records and databases. However, primary research ought to be intensified to support existing suggestions. Conclusion Repeated military deployments to war zones had a psychological effect on the soldiers. From the texts examined, evidence of post traumatic stress disorders were discovered in combatants that were continually deployed into war zones. Traumatic conditions were caused by alterations in the mental state of an individual. It was discovered that most soldiers were forced to rapidly transform their mental status from battle field to society experiences. Majority of the combatants had difficulties coping with the mixed mind sets. Consistent change of the mind frame resulted in mind confusion and disturbance. Ultimately, the war soldier’s mental status was led into disarray and th ey developed anxiety disorder. Post traumatic stress disorder resulted fro a continued alteration of the mind frame. War soldiers who were constantly redeployed to war zones suffered mental challenges. Research had suggested that the psychological situations of war veterans on repeated war zone deployments were traumatized. In some instances, the experiences were horrific and led to nightmares and social misconducts. Therefore, the hypothesis that stated; if combatants suffered frequently alternated mental conditions and rapid mind state exchanges augmented psychological pressure then multiple war zones deployment of combatants that increased mental state exchange led to incidents of post traumatic stress disorders was validated. Multiple Deployments to war zones led to Increased Incidents of post traumatic stress disorder Works Cited Anestis, Michael D. Battlemind: Testing the efficacy of an early intervention for soldiers returning from deployment. Psychotherapy Brown Bag. 12 Oct 2009. Web. Crary, David. As Wars Lengthened, Toll On Military Families Mounts. ejfi.org. 15 Aug 2008. 14 Mar 2010 http://www.ejfi.org/family/family-53.htm Ma, Xiaohui. Introduction to the DSM-IV. Docstoc.com. 31 Oct 2009. Web. Radult, Evil. Personal dealings with veterans Adminstration and exacerbation of my PTSD symptoms. veteran.com. 18 Jul 2008. Web. Schwartz, Jeremy. Fort Hood shooting receives mental health concerns. statesman.com. 26 Nov 2009. Web. Scott, Bob. Fighting the War Within. Veterans struggling with post-traumatic stress disorder. therapytimes.com. 17 Aug 2009. Web. Vest, Gerald. New Civilization News: Long Deployments Breaking Up Families. newciv.org. 12 Dec 2008. 22 Feb 210 http://www.newciv.org/nl/newslog.php/_v45/__show_article/_a000400-000056.htm This research paper on Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Developed in Repeated War Zones Deployment was written and submitted by user Kayson Reed to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Premise Definition and Examples in Arguments

Premise Definition and Examples in Arguments A premise is a  proposition upon which an argument is based or from which a conclusion is drawn. Put another way, a  premise includes the reasons and evidence behind a conclusion, says  Study.com. A premise may be  either the major or the minor proposition of a  syllogism- an argument in which two premises are made and a  logical conclusion  is drawn from them- in a deductive argument. Merriam-Webster  gives this example of a major and minor premise (and conclusion): All mammals are warmblooded [major premise]; whales are mammals [minor premise]; therefore, whales are warmblooded [conclusion]. The term premise comes from medieval Latin, meaning things mentioned before. In philosophy as well as fiction and nonfiction writing, the premise follows largely the same pattern as that defined in Merriam-Webster. The premise- the thing or things that came before- lead (or fail to lead) to a logical resolution in an argument or story. Premises in Philosophy To understand what a premise is in philosophy, it helps to understand how the field defines an argument, says  Joshua May, an associate professor of philosophy at the University of Alabama, Birmingham. In philosophy, an argument is not concerned with disputes among people; it is a set of propositions that contain premises offered to support a conclusion, he says, adding: A  premise  is a proposition one offers in support of a conclusion. That is, one offers a premise as evidence for the truth of the conclusion, as justification for or a reason to believe the conclusion. May offers this example of a major and minor premise, as well as a conclusion, that echoes the example from Merriam-Webster: All humans are mortal. [major premise]G.W. Bush is a human. [minor premise]Therefore, G.W. Bush is mortal. [conclusion] May notes that the validity of an argument in philosophy (and in general) depends on the accuracy and truth of the premise or premises. For example, May gives this example of a bad (or inaccurate) premise: All women are Republican. [major premise: false]Hilary Clinton is a woman. [minor premise: true]Therefore, Hilary Clinton is a Republican. [conclusion: false] The  Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy  says that an argument can be valid if it follows logically from its premises, but the conclusion can still be wrong if the premises are incorrect: However, if the premises are true, then the conclusion is also true, as a matter of logic.​​ In philosophy, then, the process of creating premises and carrying them through to a conclusion involves logic and deductive reasoning. Other areas provide a similar, but slightly different, take when defining and explaining premises. Premises in Writing For nonfiction writing, the term  premise  carries largely the same definition as in philosophy. Purdue OWL notes that a premise or premises are integral parts of constructing an argument. Indeed, says the language website operated by Purdue University, the very definition of an argument is that it is an assertion of a conclusion based on logical premises. Nonfiction writing uses the same terminology as in philosophy, such as  syllogism, which Purdue OWL describes as the simplest sequence of logical premises and conclusions. Nonfiction writers use a premise or premises as the backbone of a piece such as an editorial, opinion article, or even a letter to the editor of a newspaper. Premises are also useful for developing and writing an outline for a debate. Purdue gives this example: Nonrenewable resources do not exist in infinite supply. [premise 1]Coal is a nonrenewable resource. [premise 2]Coal does not exist in infinite supply. [conclusion] The only difference in nonfiction writing versus the use of premises in philosophy is that nonfiction writing generally does not distinguish between major and minor premises. Fiction writing also uses the concept of a premise but in a different way, and not one connected with making an argument. James M. Frey, as quoted on  Writers Digest, notes: The premise is the foundation of your story- that single core statement of what happens to the characters as a result of the actions of a story.† The writing website gives the example of the story The Three Little Pigs, noting that the premise is: â€Å"Foolishness leads to death, and wisdom leads to happiness.† The well-known story does not seek to create an argument, as is the case in philosophy and nonfiction writing. Instead, the story itself is the argument, showing how and why the premise is accurate, says Writers Digest: If you can establish what your premise is at the beginning of your project, you will have an easier time writing your story. Thats because the fundamental concept you create in advance will drive the actions of your characters. Its the characters- and to some degree the plot- that prove or disprove the premise of the story. Other Examples The use of premises is not limited to philosophy and writing. The concept can also be useful in science, such as in the study of genetics or biology versus environment, which is also known as the nature-versus-nurture debate.  In Logic and Philosophy: A Modern Introduction, Alan Hausman, Howard Kahane, and Paul Tidman give this example: Identical twins often have different IQ test scores. Yet such twins inherit the same genes. So environment must play some part in determining IQ. In this case, the argument consists of three statements: Identical twins often have different IQ  scores. [premise]Identical twins inherit the same genes. [premise]The environment must play some part in  determining  IQ. [conclusion] The use of the premise even reaches into religion and theological arguments.  Michigan State University  (MSU) gives this example: God exists, for the world is an organized system and all organized systems must have a creator. The creator of the world is God. The statements provide  reasons why God exists, says MSU. The argument of the statements can be organized into premises and a conclusion. Premise 1: The world is an organized system.Premise 2: Every organized system must have a creator.Conclusion: The creator of the world is God. Consider the Conclusion You can use the concept of the premise in countless areas, so long as each premise is true and relevant to the topic. The key to laying out a premise or premises (in essence, constructing an argument) is to remember that premises are assertions that, when joined together, will lead the reader or listener to a given conclusion, says the  San Jose State University Writing Center, adding: The most important part of any premise is that your audience will accept it as true. If your audience rejects even one of your premises, they will likely also reject your conclusion, and your entire argument will fall apart.​ Consider the following assertion: â€Å"Because greenhouse gases are causing the atmosphere to warm at a rapid rate...† The San Jose State writing lab notes that whether this is a solid premise depends on your audience: If your readers are members of an environmental group, they will accept this premise without qualms. If your readers are oil company executives, they may reject this premise and your conclusions. When developing one or more premises, consider  the rationales and beliefs not just of your audience  but also of your opponents, says San Jose State. After all, your whole point in making an argument is not just to preach to a like-minded audience but to convince others of the correctness of your point of view. Determine what givens† you accept that your opponents do not, as well as where two sides of an argument can find common ground. That point is where you will find effective premises to reach your conclusion, the writing lab notes. Source Hausman, Alan. Logic and Philosophy: A Modern Introduction. Howard Kahane, Paul Tidman, 12th Edition, Cengage Learning, January 1, 2012.

Premier Inn's Marketing Strategy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

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The relationships between billionaire agribusinessmen in the US and Essay

The relationships between billionaire agribusinessmen in the US and new immigrant farmworkers from Mexico - Essay Example Knowing the present economic structure and the availability of these workers, this created a rift between the owners of the industries who is literally addicted to using â€Å"cheap† and illegal (undocumented) workforce and to the requirement of the American commoners to security. In this article, we will deal into the major issues strongly intertwined with illegal undocumented migration such as labor and unemployment issues (i.e. workforce rights’ violations) and illegal drug trade both in the United States and Mexico; furthermore we will also look into the government interventions and the changes it has extended to the labor sector not only to resolve the pressing conflicts between American and Mexican (as well as other minorities) workers but to entirely â€Å"improve† and restructure the present labor condition of the United States. During the post-World War II period, the United States government invested millions of dollars in agriculture reform and sponsored many farms to improve their technologies such as irrigation system and development of farm machineries. It was also during this period from 1942 to early 1960s that the United States encouraged these workers from Mexico, China, Japan and other parts of Asia to migrate in the U.S and work in their farms for cheap labor. Along with these workers are their families therefore starting up a steady enormous volume of migrants to reside along the agricultural lines of California and Washington. With the increasing number of migrants, the competition for labor between them and the native Americans became steeper to the point where unjust labor practices were implemented to curb, streamline and permanently impede the surge of migrants into key agricultural cities in America. These practices involved massive lynching of migrant workers from their job with barely j ustifiable reasons, deportation due to lack of appropriate documents and permits, lack of work benefits – all conditions are almost similar